Incandescent electric lamp



Patented Jan. 30, 1883 INVENTOR ATTORNEY n. Finns PhotoLilhugnph-r. Wuhingtnm D, c

' UNITED STATES PATENT OF ICE,

ALEX BERNSTEIN, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

INCANDESCENT ELECTRIC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 271,302, dated January 30, 1583.

v Application filed November 4, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEX BERNSTEIN, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Incandescent Electric Lamps, of which the following is a specitiction.

My invention relates to improvements in incandescent electric lamps, and has for its ob ject the construction of an incandescent electric lamp which will be more durable than those heretofore in use, and'more economical in the production of light by rendering the lightgiving carbon capable of withstanding the action of strong currents and avoiding the disintegration which commonly takes place in carbon filaments. In order to obtain this desired effect, I make use of a hollow carbon cylinder as the light-giving part of the lamp, thereby obtaining an increased light-giving surface in proportion to the cross-section of the carbon. Although the use of such hollow cylinders has been proposed by others already, no lamp of this kind has ever been made to give practical results, because no proper means for constructing lamps of this kind had been devised. The success of lamps of this kind not only depends upon the way in which the carbon cylinder is made, but also upon its proper connection with the conducting-Wires and the proper construction of those wires.

As my present invention refers especially to the construction of the lamp, I will not describe the manufacture of the carbon cyli'nders, but make that the subject of a separate application for Letters Patent.

My invention consists more especially of means for connecting the light-giving carbon cylinder with the conducting-wires, and also of means for allowing an expansion or contraction of the carbon cylinder without injury thereto. In the first instance intermediate socket-pieces of solid carbon are employed as carriers ofthe light-giving carbon. In the second instance the connection'of one of the socket-pieces with one of the conducting-wires v is made rigid, while the connection of the second socket with the other conducting-wire is made flexible. Further details of construction will be described hereinafter, and be pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, in which like letters refer to like parts, Figure 1 represents a vertical central section ofmy improved incandescent electric lamp. Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are horizontal sections, respectively, on lines m at, y y, and a z of Fig. l. i

A represents a hermetically-sealed evacuated glass globe of any approved shape or construction. Within the globeA a hollow carbon cylinder, B, is supported by solid carbon socket-pieces O O, to which the carbon cylinder B is intimately applied by meansof a suitable carbonaceous cement. The conductingwires E and F pass through the base A of the glass globe A, and are hermetically sealed thereto. The conductingwire F is divided above the base A, so as to form two branch wires,ff, which are supported, together with the conducting-wire F, by a glass button or stay, 0. The ends of the conducting-wires E andffare clamped by metallic sleeves a a set into the ends of the socket-pieces C G,and are intimately secured thereto by carbonaceous cement. The branch wiresffare applied to the clamping-sleeves at opposite ends of the socket-piece C, while the wire E is applied to the lower end of thesocket-piece O, as shown in Fig. 1. By the interposition of the socket,- pieces 0 0 between the conducting-wires and the light-giving carbon cylinder the wires are protected against the direct heat'ot' the incandescent carbon cylinden. As the conductingwires and carbons are subject to unequal expansion during thepassage ofthe current, means must be provided to preventany strain on the light-giving carbon, which would result in its destruction. To provide against this, the conducting-wire E is constructed with a flexible portion, 1), at-its connection with socketpiece 0, said flexible portion being formed of a number of thin wires. By means of the rigid connection of the branch Wiresff with the socket-pieces O and the flexible connection of the conducting-wire E with the socket-piece O provision is made for the expansion and contraction of the parts.

By means of the connections described and. the larger surface of the light-giving part a stronger current of electricity may be sent through the carbon cylinder, and an increased amount of light produced without destroying the carbon cylinder, which latter is not ex posed to undue strains, so that the lamp is bination, with the conducting-wires, of solid carbon socket-pieces, and a hollow carbon cylinder interposed between them, one of said socket-pieces being rigidly connected to one of the conducting-wires, while the other is flexibly connected to the other conductingwire', substantially as shown and described.

3. In an incandescent electric lamp, the combination of an air-tight glass globe, conductiug-wires, carbon socket-pieces, a hollow carbon cylinder supported by the socket-pieces, to which the conducting-wires are applied, one of the conducting-wires being rigid, the other conducting-wire flexible by being formed of a number of thin wires to provide for unequal expansion and contraction, as shown and described.

4. In an incandescent electric lamp, the combination of an'air-tight glass globe, conducting-wires, carbon socket-pieces having metallic clamping-sleeves, to which the conductingwires are applied, and a hollow carbon cylinder supported by the carbon socket-pieces, one of which is rigidly, the other flexibly, connected with the conducting-wires, substantially as shown and described. i

5. In an incandescent electric lamp,the combination of an inclosing glass globe, conducting-wires, carbon socket-pieces having metallic clam pin g-sleeves for the conducting-wires, a hollow carbon cylinder supported by the carbon socket-pieces, one of which is rigidly, the other flexibly, connected to the conducting-wires, and a supporting glass button or stay for the conducting-wires above the base of the lamp, substantially as set forth.

6. In an incandescent electric lamp, the combination of an air-tight glass globe, the conducting-wires which enter the neck ,of the lamp, the branches of said wires which connect with the upper carbon socket-piece, the flexible group of wires connected with the lower carbon socket-piece, and the interposing hollow carbon cylinder, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention 1 have signed my name in pres ence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALEX BERNSTEIN. W1 tnesses: i

PAUL GoEPEL, SIDNEY MANN. 

